Causes of Hair loss/baldness Treatment

Causes of Hair Loss/Baldness Treatment

Hair loss, or alopecia, can be influenced by a variety of factors, not just genetics. While it’s true that baldness genes can be inherited from both sides of the family, there are several other causes and treatments to consider:

Causes of Hair Loss

1. Genetics: Androgenetic alopecia, also known as male or female pattern baldness, is the most common cause of hair loss and is hereditary.
2. Hormonal Changes: Conditions like pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, and thyroid problems can cause hair loss.
3. Medical Conditions: Diseases such as alopecia areata (an autoimmune disorder), scalp infections, and other skin disorders can lead to hair loss.
4. Medications: Certain drugs used for cancer, arthritis, depression, heart problems, and high blood pressure can cause hair loss.
5. Stress: Physical or emotional stress can trigger a type of hair loss called telogen effluvium.
6. Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of essential nutrients like iron and protein can contribute to hair loss.

Treatments for Baldness

1. Medications:
   • Minoxidil (Navmin): An over-the-counter treatment that can help regrow hair or slow hair loss.
   • Finasteride (Navfin): A prescription medication for men that can slow hair loss and promote new hair growth.
2. Hair Transplant Surgery: Techniques like Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE) and Follicular Unit Transplantation (FUT) involve transplanting hair follicles from one part of the body to the balding area.
3. Laser Therapy: Low-level laser therapy can stimulate hair growth and is used as a non-invasive treatment option.
4. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): Involves injecting the patient’s own plasma into the scalp to stimulate hair growth.
5. Lifestyle Changes: Managing stress, eating a balanced diet, and avoiding hairstyles that pull on the hair can help prevent further hair loss.

It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause of hair loss and the most appropriate treatment options for your specific situation.

Androgenetic Alopecia

In Men:

The leading cause of hair loss in men is male pattern baldness or Androgenetic Alopecia. Male pattern baldness is characterized by hair receding from the lateral sides of the forehead (known as a “receding hairline”) and/or a thinning crown (balding to the area known as the ‘vertex’). Both hair recession and hair thinning become more pronounced until they eventually meet, leaving a horseshoe-shaped ring of hair around the back of the head.

Male pattern baldness occurs in men whose hair follicles are sensitive to the hormone dihydrotestosterone, or DHT. Over time, DHT-sensitive hair (usually found on the top and front of the head) becomes weaker, finer, and eventually stops growing. However, even men who experience advanced hair loss typically have healthy hair follicles around the sides of the head. Even though these healthy hairs are exposed to DHT, they are resistant to this hormone and survive for a lifetime.

This is the basis of surgical hair restoration. The procedure works by transplanting these DHT- resistant healthy hair follicles around the sides and back of the head, to the areas where more hair is needed (frontal and top).

In Women:

Although this is not the leading cause of hair loss in women, Androgenetic Alopecia is still relevant. Female pattern baldness. Hair loss in women is also related to genetics, hormones, and age. It may be a serious medical condition that needs proper attention and treatment as early as possible. The hair loss patterns in women also usually differ as compared to men.

Other Causes of Hair Loss (applicable to male hair loss and female hair loss)

• Traction alopecia– It is most commonly found in people with ponytails, tight braids, or any hairstyles that typically pull on hair with excessive force. In addition, rigorous brushing, heat styling, and rough scalp massage can damage the cuticle, the hard outer casing of the hair. This causes individual strands to become weak and break off, reducing overall hair volume.
• Trichotillomania–This is the loss of hair caused by compulsive pulling and bending of the hairs. Due to the constant extraction of the hair roots, permanent hair loss can occur. Onset of this disorder tends to begin around the onset of puberty and usually continues through adulthood.
• Traumas such as major surgery, poisoning, and severe stress may cause a hair loss condition known as telogen effluvium, in which a large number of hairs enter the resting phase at the same time, causing shedding and subsequent thinning hair in men and women alike. The condition also presents as a side effect of chemotherapy – while targeting dividing cancer cells, this treatment also affects hair’s growth phase with the result that almost 90% of hairs fall out soon after chemotherapy starts.
• Temporary or permanent hair loss can also be caused by several medications, including those for blood pressure problems, diabetes, heart disease, and cholesterol. Any that affect the body’s hormone balance can have a pronounced effect: these include the hormone replacement therapy, steroids, and some acne medications.
• Alopecia areata– This is an autoimmune disorder also known as “spot baldness” that can result in hair loss ranging from just one location (Alopecia areata monolocularis) to every hair on the entire body (Alopecia areata universalis). Although thought to be caused by hair follicles becoming dormant, what triggers alopecia areata is not exactly known. In most cases the condition corrects itself, but it can also spread to the entire scalp (alopecia totalis) or to the entire body (alopecia universalis).
• Cicatricial alopecia– This is a diverse group of rare disorders that destroy the hair follicle, replace it with scar tissue, and cause permanent hair loss. The hair loss may be accompanied with severe itching, pain and burning, and progress rapidly. In other cases the hair loss is gradual, without symptoms, and is unnoticed for long periods. It is also sometimes known as scarring alopecia and can occur in otherwise healthy men and women of all ages.
• Hypothyroidism(an under-active thyroid) and the side effects of its related medications has been found to cause hair loss, typically frontal, which is particularly associated with thinning of the outer third of the eyebrows (also seen with syphilis). Hyperthyroidism (an over-active thyroid) can also cause hair loss, though parietal rather than frontal.

Before starting on any alopecia treatment regimen, it is strongly recommended that one seeks a medical diagnosis for the type of Alopecia condition he or she is suffering from. Knowing the condition one is treating ensures the highest possibility of success with the appropriate treatment.

Find out how hair loss in men and hair loss in women differ in classifications.

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